Thank you, those both look like very useful documents!
I found another tool,
ScummEditor, that allows export/import of the costume resources. It claims to be "the only existing tool that allows you change the costumes on scumm games." It's a bit unwieldy modifying cels in gimp, but I was able to edit Guy's walk cycle (from room33) and have it show up in SoMI.
edit: lots of limitations though (Imported .png must be the same size as the original frame, can't add/remove costume frames, etc.). Still interesting regardless.